ci(deps): test postgres 16, 17

| Release | Released                              | Support Status                             | Latest |
| ------- | ------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------ | ------ |
| 17      | 4 months ago (26 Sep 2024)            | Ends in 4 years and 9 months (08 Nov 2029) | 17.2   |
| 16      | 1 year and 4 months ago (14 Sep 2023) | Ends in 3 years and 9 months (09 Nov 2028) | 16.6   |

.github/workflows/test.yml

@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ jobs:
     strategy:
       fail-fast: false
       matrix:
-        postgres_docker_image_tag: ["15", "14", "9.6"]
+        postgres_docker_image_tag: ["17", "16", "15", "14", "9.6"]
     steps:
       - uses: actions/checkout@11bd71901bbe5b1630ceea73d27597364c9af683 # v4.2.2
       - run: script/test/run-rake-on-docker-compose-postgres.sh