Standard data

Data is passed to every template ( excluding the blog loop ) in the following object:

Data Object
(
    [id] => 6
    [parent] => 0
    [menu_order] => 1
    [author] => 1
    [date] => 1322853969
    [modified] => 1328247576
    [title] => Home
    [content] => Content
    [excerpt] => 
    [comment_status] => open
    [ping_status] => open
    [password] => 
    [slug] => home
    [type] => page
    [uri] => home/
    [visible] => public
    [status] => published
    [template] => default
)

You can access the data like this $data->title

The only acception to this is the content. Since content can contain Snippets and OEMBED data learn How content is parsed.